Abstract: WSN’S have gained their popularity slowly and steadily since decades now because of their marvelous functionality and extreme conditions they work in. All of these became possible with the efficient usage of algorithms and protocols for their designing. Because of the inventions of so many designing algorithms and protocols in past few decades for WSN’s it has become very important to choose the best of all hence calls for the concept called “optimization”. Optimization is the action of making the best or most effective use of a situation or resource .In this paper we have discussed about the concept itself ,it’s traditional approaches and it’s modern approaches as well with main emphasis on one of its most appealing method called as “meta heuristic“.

Keywords: WSN, cluster, Traditional methods, Optimization, Heuristic, Meta-heuristic.